Author Guidelines
Frontiers for Young Minds is committed to providing high-quality, plain-language articles about cutting-edge science. Researchers have a chance to reframe their own recent research and publications into language that can be understood by a younger audience. Authors need to respond to and integrate the feedback provided by their Young Reviewers.
Please note from the outset, the principle of Frontiers for Young Minds is to place kids and teens in the role of the reviewer in the peer review process, empowering them to ask critical questions and give constructive feedback to the authors. For that reason, the journal does not accept kids or teens to be listed as co-authors. This includes high-school students. Instead, they are free to provide feedback for the author(s) during any drafting stages or to become involved as young reviewers.
Finally, please be aware that if the author guidelines below are not followed this will delay the processing time of your submitted manuscript.
For questions on submitting or required author criteria, please contact kids@frontiersin.org
Would you like to publish with us?
For researchers who would like to submit a Frontiers for Young Minds version of their work, please consult our author guidelines below and check that you have all the essentials included before submitting.
Subject areas
We are currently accepting submissions in the following subject areas:
- Astronomy and Physics
- Biodiversity
- Chemistry and Materials
- Earth Sciences
- Engineering and Technology
- Human Health
- Mathematics and Economics
- Neuroscience and Psychology
How to choose your article type?
Frontiers for Young Minds was developed to provide two distinct types of resources to general audiences: focused highlights of new scientific findings and broader summaries to provide context and foundational knowledge about a given field. Authors can recommend the ideal age of the audience for their article: 8-11 or 12-15.
Articles are copy-edited, receive a DOI and are published in PDF and HTML format. Authors are not required to pay a fee to publish a Young Minds Article.
New discovery
New Discovery articles take a relevant finding, technology, or discovery and explain the content and importance of the discovery in language that can be understood by kids (ages 8-15). It is important that the authors provide enough context for the discovery, but should focus more on the recent development.
These articles should be specifically based on one research article that has already been peer-reviewed and published (or accepted) in an academic journal.
Think of this article type of as an 'adaptation' of the original research article. (Please note: Sole authorship is highly discouraged as our journal is all about collaboration!).
The authors of New Discovery articles should have an established expertise in the field, including a relevant publication record. At least one of the authors listed in the original publication must be listed in the Young Minds submission (not necessarily the senior one). We, in principle allow undergraduate, Masters and PhD students to co-author if the seniority criteria is fulfilled by the primary author, many co-author a manuscript with their supervisors.
For authors submitting New Discovery articles to the Neuroscience and Psychology section,
please note undergraduates may be involved as co-authors. However, they must have been involved with the
research that the New Discovery article is based on, up to 3 undergraduates are allowed to co-author in a New Discovery article.
The original publication will be featured prominently at the bottom of the article in the form of a banner hyperlinked back to it. Please indicate this article within your references as the source article and ensure that we are provided with a DOI.
Core concept
Core Concept articles explain fundamental ideas from a given scientific field and synthesize them in language that can be understood by kids (ages 8-15). Each article should have a clear scope and not attempt to address an entire discipline. The article should be primarily self-contained, explaining major scientific terms within the text and clearly identifying areas where people could be interested to find out more. (Please note: Sole authorship is highly discouraged as our journal is all about collaboration!).
Too broad: "Earth Science", "The Heart", "Renewable Energy", or "The Brain"
Clear scope: "Types of plate margins", "Why do you have a heart beat?", "How do wind turbines create energy?" or "Why does your brain need sleep?"
The authors of Core Concept articles should have an established expertise in the field, including a relevant publication record. Each Core Concept must have a senior expert listed as an author or co-author (Professor/Associate Professor level or equivalent). In principle we allow undergraduate, Masters and PhD students to co-author if the seniority criteria is fulfilled by the primary author.
For authors submitting Core Concept articles to the Neuroscience and Psychology section, please note that the Chief Editors of this section do not permit undergraduates to be co-authors.
How to register?
Corresponding and all submitting authors MUST register with Frontiers before submitting an article. You must be logged in to your personal Frontiers Account to submit a manuscript.
For any co-author who would like his/her name on the article abstract page and PDF to be linked to a Frontiers profile on the Loop Network, please ensure to register before the final publication of the paper.
How to Write a Young Minds Article?
This guide provides a starting point for how to adapt your research for a younger audience – including many recommendations from our Young Reviewers during past FYM reviews.
What is required for your manuscript?
Artificial Intelligence
We do not accept any AI tools listed as co-authors. This is in accordance with COPE's statement that AI tools cannot meet the requirements for authorship, as they cannot take responsibility for the submitted work [i.e., being accountable for the research as well as how it is reported]. Also, as non-legal entities, they cannot assert the presence or absence of conflicts of interest nor own copyright.
Authors who use AI tools in the writing of a manuscript, production of images or graphical elements of the paper, or in the collection and analysis of data, must transparently disclose in the paper how the AI tool was used and which tool was used. Authors are fully responsible for the content of their manuscript, including any parts produced by an AI tool, and are liable for any breach of publication ethics.
Manuscript lengths
Articles have a maximum word count of 1,500 and should include no more than 3 figures and approximately 5 references. Please note, at least one figure is mandatory. Should authArequire assistance specifically with figures, please contact the editorial office at kids@frontiersin.org.
The manuscript length includes only the main body of the text and all citations within it, and excludes abstract, section titles, figure and table captions, and references at the bottom of the manuscript. Please indicate the number of words and the number of figures included in your manuscript on the first page.
An author biography and photo for each author
This short biography has a maximum of 100 words. Please include both the biography and the photo of each author at the end of the manuscript.
Title and headings
The title should be as concise as possible, and abbreviations should be avoided.
Authors and Affiliations
All names are listed together and separated by commas. Provide exact and correct author names as these will be indexed in official archives. Any change requests after publication will incur additional costs and will be solely at the author’s charge. Affiliations should be keyed to the author’s name with superscript numbers and be listed as follows: Laboratory, Institute, Department, Organization, City, State abbreviation, and Country (without detailed address information such as city zip codes or street names). Please make sure the authors' affiliations are up to date in the main text document of the manuscript.
Source Article - (only for New Discoveries articles)
New Discovery articles should have an original research source article. This will be featured prominently at the top of the article. Please indicate this article within your references as the source article and ensure that we are provided with a DOI.
Abstract
Abstracts are visible on the home page of the Young Minds website, and your abstract should clearly and simply define what your article is about for any kids, parents or teachers browsing the site.
The abstract should clearly present the context and general significance of the concept or advance in a way that is accessible to a young readership. Minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references. The abstract should be no longer than 150 words.
Keywords
Kids, parents and teachers use keywords to search for articles on the website. They should be relevant, simple and jargon-free.
Text
The body text is in 12 point normal Times New Roman. The entire document should be single-spaced and written using either LaTeX or MS-Word.
Glossary
Please note, a Glossary section within your manuscript is compulsory. When using any technical terms within the text, keep in mind the age of your intended readership. As much as possible, any complex or field-specific vocabulary should be made clear within the context of the article itself. If there are a few terms that you feel would benefit from additional explanation, they can be included in a brief glossary section (no more than 5 terms, no more than 30 words per explanation).
The use of abbreviations should be kept to a minimum. Non-standard abbreviations should be avoided unless they appear at least four times, and defined upon first use in the main text. Consider also giving a list of non-standard abbreviations at the end, immediately before the Acknowledgments. Equations should be inserted in editable format from the equation editor. Gene symbols should be italicized; protein products are not italicized. Chemical compounds and biomolecules should be referred to using systematic nomenclature, preferably using the recommendations by IUPAC. We encourage the use of Standard International Units in all manuscripts.
References
All submissions must have at least three references from original research sources. All citations in the text, figures or tables must be in the reference list and vice-versa. The references should only include articles that are published or accepted. For accepted but unpublished works use "in press" instead of page numbers. Website URLs should be included as hyperlinks only, not as footnotes. Any inclusion of Frontiers for Young Minds articles as citations should be hyperlinked in the text only and should not be put in the reference list. Any inclusion of verbatim text must be contained in quotation marks and clearly reference the original source. Articles should use the Vancouver system for in-text citations.
Reference list: provide the names of the first six authors followed by et al and DOI when available.
In-text citations should be numbered consecutively in order of appearance in the text – identified by Arabic numerals in parentheses.
For examples of citing other documents and general questions regarding reference style, please refer to Citing Medicine.
Download Frontiers Health Endnote Style
Download Frontiers Health and Physics Bibstyle
Contribution to the field
When you submit your manuscript, please provide a brief summary of 200 words maximum on how your contribution is positioned in the existing literature of your field and the intended age range of your readers (8-11 or 12-15). This statement will be accessible for the science mentor and young reviewer team(s) and it should be written avoiding any technical language where possible, for a younger audience to understand. The aim is to convey the meaning and importance of this research to a younger audience; this will assist the editorial office in determining whether your manuscript fits within the scope of the journal.
Figure and Table Guidelines
No more than 3 figures are allowed and figure legends should be a maximum of 100 words. If possible, it is much better for our young reviewers if you include your figures/tables within the text of your manuscript and not in the appendix.
Permissions need to be obtained for re-published/adapted/modified/partial figures, and it is the responsibility of the authors to acquire the licenses, to follow any citation instructions requested by third-party rights holders, and cover any supplementary charges.